CPT vs. OPT: What's the Difference and When to Use Each
You don't have to figure this out alone, the team at Studentbuddy is here to support you every step of the way.
Both are forms of authorized F-1 work authorization, but they serve different purposes and have different rules, understanding both before you need either helps you plan your internship and job search strategy.
CPT: work authorization tied to your curriculum
CPT requires the work to be an integral, required part of your curriculum (an internship course, a co-op requirement) and must be authorized by your school before you start working, not after. It's typically used for internships during your degree.
OPT: broader post-graduation work authorization
OPT provides 12 months of work authorization generally used after graduation (with a STEM extension available for eligible degrees, extending it to 36 months total). Unlike CPT, it isn't tied to a specific course requirement.
Can you use both?
Yes, many students use CPT for internships during their studies and save their fullOPTallocation for after graduation. Be aware that extensive full-time CPT use (12+ months) can affect yourOPTeligibility, so check this rule with your international office before committing to a long CPT placement.
Key planning takeaway
Always apply for CPT authorization before starting any internship, working without proper authorization, even briefly, is a serious status violation with real consequences.
Get help understanding your specific work authorization options.
Talk to a Study Abroad Advisor →FAQs
Can I start an internship before my CPT is approved?
No, working before CPT authorization is approved is a serious status violation, even if the internship offer is legitimate.
Does using CPT reduce my OPT time?
Not for part-time CPT, but 12 or more months of full-time CPT use can eliminate your OPT eligibility entirely, check this threshold carefully.
Can I use OPT before graduation?
In limited cases, yes, this is called pre-completion OPT, though most students use their full 12-month allocation after graduation instead.
Who authorizes CPT and OPT?
Your school's international student office authorizes both, based on your specific program requirements and eligibility.
